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A dialogue
on relativism
Relativism is the
philosophical position that all points of view are equally valid and that
all truth is relative to the individual. But, if we look further, we
see that this proposition is not logical. In fact, it is self
refuting.
Following is a fictional dialogue which I
invented. I know, that isn't fair.... or is it? If all points
of view are equally valid, then my dialogue is very valid.
Matt: I don't believe that
all points of view are equally valid.
Jan: Why not?
Matt: Because it doesn't make sense that everything is
relative. That wouldn't be logical.
Jan: Ah, you see? That is your problem. You are
using logic to refute relativism and you cannot do that. Relativism
isn't based upon logic. It isn't the same thing. So you can't
use logic to refute relativism.
Matt: If you say I cannot use logic to refute relativism, then
you are using logic to say this since you give me the logical statement
and conclusion that I cannot use logic to refute relativism because
relativism isn't based on logic. I hope you can see that you made a
logical case here for not using logic. If that is so, then your
complaint is self contradictory and invalid. Would you want me to
follow a system of thought that is self contradictory?
Jan: I can see why they call you slick. But, the point is
that relativism is true within itself and logic is not a necessary
property of relativism. It can be used within relativism, but it is
not superior to relativism.
Matt: To say that relativism is true within itself is an
absolute statement. Don't you see that you can't do that if
relativism is true? You would have to say something like,
"Relativism is true some of the time."
Jan: You are playing word games here.
Matt: I do not see how. I am simply responding to what
you said. I think what you are doing is simply making assertions
without proof. You are saying that it is true because it is true.
In essence, you are telling me an absolute truth that relativism is its
own self-existing truth. This is an absolute statement which again
refutes the notion that relativism is true. Furthermore, if
relativism is true then relativism itself is relative. In other
words, if relativism is true, then relativism may or may not be true in
and of itself. If that is true, then relativism can be false.
If relativism can be false, then relativism can't be true.
Jan: There you go using logic again. Logic is not the
whole means by which truth is determined. Relativism goes beyond
logic to truths that logic cannot prove.
Matt: Okay, then without using logic, can you tell why
relativism is true?
Jan: It is true because it is true that people believe
different things and that people have different perceptions of reality and
what is right for them.
Matt: I agree that people believe different things, but does
believing different things make them true because they are believed?
Jan: No, of course not. But you must understand that we
perceive things differently, and that these different perceptions are true
for different people.
Matt: I can agree with that, but I am not speaking about
things that really are relative like which side of the bed you
should get out of in the morning. I'm talking about things like
lying, cheating, stealing, etc. If relativism is true and all points
of view are equally valid, then someone's view that it is okay to steal,
is valid.
Jan: Technically, it would be, depending on the
circumstances. For example, if it meant feeding your family or
helping someone.
Matt: I see. Okay, give me your money right now. I want
to steal it from you. If I had a gun, I'd point it at you and rob
you. Is that okay?
Jan: Of course not.
Matt: Why not? My view is that in order to win the
argument, I must rob from you to demonstrate the absurdity of your
position. Therefore, it is right for me. You should approve.
Jan: But I cannot, because it isn't right for me that you
steal from me.
Matt: Oh, so relativism has boundaries? It is true only
for the individual, no one else?
Jan: In that case yes.
Matt: Then relativism isn't a universal truth is it? If
it is only true for individuals on an individual basis, it may or may not
be true or false or right or wrong or whatever. It is just a kind of
"whatever you want to do and feel" philosophy.
Jan: Sort of, but you can't harm anyone else.
Matt: Are you saying that it is an absolute that you are not
to harm anyone else?
Jan: There you go again turning this into an argument on
absolutes.
Matt: But I am only following your lead. You're the one
who said that relativism is true because it is true. Correct?
Jan: Yes, I said that, but you have to understand that it is
relative to the individual.
Matt: If relativism is true because it is true, then can I
say that it is false because it is false?
Jan: You could if you wanted to.
Matt: Then would it be false or not?
Jan: It would be false for you.
Matt: But that isn't what I said. I said it was
false.... "because it is false." I didn't say it was false
for me. I said that it is by nature false. Don't you see?
You said it was true "because it is true." You spoke of it
as being true "by nature." You implied an absolute quality
to relativism as a real truth. If I can do the same thing in the
opposite direction, then how does my assertion become different in nature
than yours? In other words, "by nature" it is true and
"by nature" it is false. Both cannot be true.
Therefore relativism doesn't work.
Jan: What you are doing is using logic again.
Relativism and logic are different things. You cannot use one thing
to judge another.
Matt: But you just did. You made a statement and drew a
conclusion. You said that relativism and logic are different.
Then you said that I cannot use one to judge the other. In other
words, you made a statement and drew a logical conclusion. Look.
If you want to validate relativism using relativism, then why do you keep
using logic to do it?
Jan: You keep going back to these logic games. You have
to understand that they are simply different.
Matt: So then, what you are saying is that I am not allowed
to examine relativism in a logical manner. Correct?
Jan: Correct.
Matt: You want truth, right?
Jan: Of course.
Matt: But, if I must accept that relativism is simply true,
how can I possibly know if it is ever false? What you are
saying is that it is never false. If it is never false, then it is
always true. If it is always true, then it isn't relative, is it?
Jan: There you go using logic again.
Matt: I'm trying to ask questions. But, it seems that
you want me to avoid thinking and just accept relativism as true. If
I were to say that relativism is true, then it is absolutely true that
relativism is true which would mean that the opposing view that relativism
is false, could not be true...which would mean that relativism is not true
since it states that all views are true. It seems to me that the
only way relativism is true, is if you stop thinking logically and just
accept it on blind faith that it is true.
Jan: This is the problem with the western, Aristotelian logic
system. It teaches you that there are absolutes when there are not.
Matt: But to say there are not absolutes is an absolute
statement, which is self refuting. Again, it seems that the only way
to accept relativism is to not think logically. You have to believe
it on faith.
Jan: The nature of relativism is that it is not subject
to logic. No logical reasons are necessary to establish this.
Relativism, by its nature, is not of logic, but beyond logic. The
essence of relativism is that relativism itself, is true.
Matt: Then you are simply stating that relativism is true
without proving it. In other words, you can't prove it. You just say
it is true and that's it.
Jan: We are getting no where.
Matt: I disagree. I think we are making great progress.
Jan: See? It is how you perceive it, isn't it?
Matt: Then, is it valid that we have made progress?
After all, relativism says that all points of view are equally valid.
Jan: Its valid for you, not for me.
Matt: Here we go again...
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